Scoliosis and Kyphosis

The word “scoliosis” comes from the Greek word for “crooked”.

Scoliosis is a complex, three-dimensional deformity of the spine that affects all three of its planes (frontal, sagittal, and transverse). It can affect any single vertebra. Most often its etiology is unknown.

There are three types of scoliosis: idiopathic (with an unknown cause), neuromuscular (resulting from a neurological problem), and congenital (present at birth). Idiopathic scoliosis is the most common, accounting for over 80% of cases, and the cause of its onset is unknown.

The most reliable way to establish the presence of scoliosis is to take an X-ray of the entire spine (a so-called full spine). A curvature of more than 10 degrees in the frontal plane is considered scoliosis, while anything below 10 degrees is defined as poor posture.

The period of rapid growth in adolescents is the most critical stage for the early onset of scoliosis or for the progression of an already existing curve. During this period, parents should be especially attentive and check their child regularly. In some cases of scoliosis, in addition to exercises, wearing a brace is also recommended. Timely detection of scoliosis and a specialized therapeutic approach can prevent its progression.